Delete
The process of removing a file from a directory listing. In most cases the data from files that have been deleted still exists until the freed space is reused, but recovery may be difficult if not impossible.
see rm.
Daemon
Under Unix, a daemon is a process that runs in the background, doing automated processing. The FreeBSD Unix OS has it's own rendition.
DCC
Acronym for Direct Client-to-Client, a feature of some IRC client software, allowing users to communicate messages and files directly, bypassing a server. (zajbt)
DCE
Data Communications Equipment refers to serially connected communications devices, particularly modems.
See also DTE.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, a system by which IP addresses and other low-level network configuration information can be dynamically assigned each time the system loads, similar to the Internet standard bootp. DHCP is defined in RFC 983.
Dialup
To initiate a connection over a circuit-switched line, either an POTS with a modem or using ISDN.
See also PPP,and SLIP
DIMM Dual Inline Memory Module. A form of memory expansion that consists of a 168-pin plug-in device.
See also SIMM.
Directory
The Unix equivalent of Macintosh or MS-Windows 'folder', all files are stored in directories. A directory can be created with the mkdir command and empty directories are removed with rmdir.
DNS
Acronym for Domain Name Service, the mechanism by which human-readable hierarchial names are translated to IP addresses, and vice-versa.
Domain
An internet 'domain' is a subsection of the internet. The primary domains of the internet are .COM, .INT, .NET, .MIL, and .ORG, which refer to Commercial, International, Network, Military, and Organization. These domains are administered by the Internic. There are also two-letter domains associated with specific countries. Each domain has a primary and secondary Domain Name Server associated with it.
Domain Name Server
Each internet domain has two domain name servers, or DNS. The primary DNS for a domain is usually located on one of the machine in that network, you can often determine the server from the output of the nslookup command.
DOS
Disk Operating System, the basic computer instruction set used to provide an interface to storage and other devices. Also, Denial Of Service, a form of attack in which the goal is to make a computing resource unavailable to legitimate users.
See also OS.
DS0
A single 64-kbps channel, usually one of the 24 channels in a T1 circuit.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line. A method of providing connectivity at speeds up to 9Mbps using the existing POTS copper wiring.
DSLAM
Digital Subscriber Loop Access Multiplexer. A network device designed to multiplex many individual DSL circuits into a single high speed circuit, generally ATM to an ISP.
DSU
Digital Service Unit, a device used to connect a V.35 serial interface to a digital circuit. Generally any CPE that terminates a digital circuit is referred to as a "CSU/DSU".
DTE
Date Terminal Equipment, communications hardware such as computers, terminals, and similar equipment, as opposed to DCE such as modems.
DVD
Digital Versatile Disk, a high-density mass storage medium similar to CD-ROM, but capable of storing much larger amounts of information due to improvements in recording density and use of multiple layers per side.
DVORAK
An alternative keyboard layout designed for speed. See QWERTY
Dweeb
Deragotory name for a person with limited social and technical skills. Generally a geek wannabe.
E1
European equivalent of a T1 leased line circuit.
EAP
Extensible Authentication Protocol. Defined by RFC 2284, EAP provides a general protocol for AAA functions in PPP and related servers. It is currently supported and driven primarily by Microsoft Windows RAS software.
EAPOE
Extensible Authentication Protocol Over
Ethernet. A proposed IEEE standard for authenticating workstations to the switch and remote servers.
EAR
Export Administration Regulations. The rules under which United States government regulates the export of cryptography software in both binary and source form.
EBGP
Exterior Border Gateway Protocol. A pair of routers under two distinct Autonomous System administrative domains which exchange routes, such as beetween two ISPs which have a peering agreement.
Editor
One of several programs in Unix used to create and modify text files, some common editors include vi, ee and, pico.
Eiffel
An object-oriented programming language designed to encourage reusable, correct software. Created by Bertrand Meyer, the language is named after Gustave Eiffel, the designer of the Eiffel Tower. For more information visit the Eiffel home page and newsgroup
EIGRP
A Routing protocol. EIGRP Is IP protocol number 88. See also BGP.
E-Mail
See Mail.
EMC
EMC^2 is a company which produces high-capacity high-availablity storage solutions. The name is derived from the initials of the three founders. (mskalski)
Encryption
The process of using cryptography to protect data from unauthorized access.
ESP
Encapsulating Security Payload. A feature of IPSEC. As defined in RFC 2406.
Ethernet
A standard for LAN communications, ethernet defines the hardware and communications standard for communications at 10Mbps over coax, twisted-pair or fiber. There is also a 'fast ethernet' standard for both twisted pair and fiber. Ethernet is defined in IEEE 802.3.
Extranet
A private network segment providing limited connectivity between a completely non-public intranet, and outside partners or the public internet.
FAQ
An Acronym for Frequently Asked Questions, these are lists of questions that occur frequently on Usenet newsgroups, they are posted at regular intervals and archived at several sites. You should always read the FAQ (if there is one) for a group before posting a message, or risk being flamed.
Finger
A Unix command that provides information about users logged in, and can also be used to retrieve the .plan and .project files from a users home directory.
Firewall
A firewall is used on some networks to provide added security by blocking access to certain services in the private network from the rest of the internet, in the same way that a firewall in a building keeps fire from spreading, an internet firewall keeps hackers from spreading.
See also: intranet.
Flame
An offensive or insulting e-mail or Usenet News message, often the result of an error in netiquette.
Font
A character set or typeface family denoting a particular size and style, either for on-screen display or printing, usually on a laser or inkjet printer.
FQDN
Acronym for Fully Qualified Domain Name, an address which specifies a specific machine and it's internet domain. "foley" is not a FQDN, however "foley.ripco.com." is.
See also DNS.
FRAD
Frame Relay Asynchronous Device, a hardware device that interfaces Frame Relay circuits to IP networks.
FSF The Free Software Foundation, backers of HURD and other projects.
See also: OSF.
FSP
A file transfer system similar to FTP, distinguished by the ability for servers to run on any port without requiring special privledges, and the lower system load from FSP servers than from FTP.
FTP
An Acronym for File Transfer Protocol, a method of retrieving files to your home directory or directly to your computer using SLIP/PPP. There are thousands of FTP sites on the Internet offering files and programs of all kinds.
FUD Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt. A special set of tactics used by monopolies to stifle and subvert competitors by spreading the (usually false) perception that the alternative choices are unreliable, unstable, or otherwise risky.
FXO
In telecommunications, the Foreign Exchange Office, the FXO interface is the rj-11 connector provided with POTS, this is the interface on the phone itself.
FXS
In telecommunications, the Foreign Exchange Station, the FXS interface, a rj-11 connector providing standard phone signaling for POTS. This is generally the wall jack the phone plugs in to.
Geek
Deragatory term for a person with limited social skills, and usually strong technical skills. While anybody can become a nerd, geeks are born, not made. The difference between a geek and a dweeb is that dweeb has no redeeming qualities.
GIF
is an acronym for Graphic Interchange Format, developed by compuserve this is a very popular format for exchanging pictures, it is slowly being replaced by the JPG image format.
Giga
ji-g& Prefix meaning 'billion', as in gigabyte.
See also mega. (molly)
GNU
Acronym for "GNU's not Unix". The GNU project's goal is to provide freely redistributable Unix-compatible software.
Gopher
An information system that predates the modern web, gopher is a text-oriented protocol, now all but obsolete.
GREP
Acronym for Global-Regular-Expression-Print, grep is a utility that allows you to search through files for specicif paterns, including regular expressions and strings. fgrep (FAST-GREP) performs a similar function without expanding special characters from a string.
See also Regular Expression. (rezidew)
GUI
Acronym for Graphical User Interface, such as the Mosaic(tm) browser and the Macintosh and MS-Windows systems.
GZip
A free compression program commonly available as a Unix command for file compression, gzip, which is also available for MS-DOS, compresses files and appends either '.z' or '.gz' to the filename.
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